Environmental Sanitation

ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION: 

• defined as the study of all factors in man's physical environment, which may exercise a deleterious effect on his health, well-being and survival
• Included are:
• Water sanitation
• Food sanitation
• Refuse and garbage disposal
• Excreta disposal
• Insect vector and rodent control
• Housing
• Air pollution
• Noise
• Radiological protection
• Institutional sanitation
• Stream pollution

MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SANITATION PROGRAM

Field Health Services and Information System

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Field Health Services Information System Objectives

• To provide summary of data on health services delivery and selected program accomplished indicators at the barangay, municipality/city, district, provincial, regional and national levels
• To provide data which when combined with data from other sources, can be used for program monitoring and evaluation purposes
• To provide a standardized, facility level database which can be accessed for a more in-depth studies
• To ensure that the data to the FHSIS are useful and accurate and are disseminated in a timely and easy to use fashion
• To minimize the recording and reporting burden at the service delivery level in order to allow more time for patient care and promotive activities

Demography

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 Demography

• science which deals with the study of the human population size, composition and distribution in space
• Population size - refers to the number of people in a given place or area at a given time
• When the population is characterized in relation to certain variables such as age, sex, occupation or educational level, then the population composition is being described
• The nurse also describes how people are distributed in a specific geographic location

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Epidemiology

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Epidemiology

• the study of occurences and distribution of diseases as well as the distribution and determinants of health states or events in a specified population, and the application of this study to the control of health problems
• this emphasizes that epidemiologists are concerned not only with deaths, illness and disability, but also with more positive health states and with the means to improve health
• backbone of the prevention of disease

Vital Statistics

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Statistics

• refers to a systematic approach of obtaining, organizing and analyzing numerical facts so that conclusions may be drawn from them

Vital Statistics

• refers to the systematic study of vital events such as births, illnesses, marriages, divorce, separation and deaths
• statistics of disease (morbidity) and death (mortality) indicate the state of health of a community and the success or failure of health work

National Health Situation

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HEALTH INDICES

Basic Health Indicators

• Nutrition
• Disease Patterns
• Leading Causes of Morbidity
• Leading Causes of Mortality
• Other Indicators
• Infant Mortality Rate
• Maternal Mortality Rate
• Life Expectancy at Birth
• Median Age
• Crude Birth Rates and Crude Death Rates