Physical Exam: Eyes

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I. History

• Current findings
• Past problems
• Family History - Glaucoma, Cataracts
• Harmful Exposure - Chemical Sunlight

II. Physical Exam

• Vision Test
• Extraocular Muscle Functions (EOMs)
• External Eye Structures
• Internal Eye Structures and Red Reflex
• Optic Disc
• Retinal Vessels

III. Geriatric Alterations of Eye

• Arcus Senilis - Opaque white ring about the periphery of the cornea, seen in aged persons; caused by the deposit of fat granules in the cornea or by hyaline degeneration
• Pupils often miotic (smaller) with slower dilatation
• Iris may appear paler
• Retina may appear paler
• Disc may be slightly smaller and more opaque
• Presbyopia
• Color perception may be dimmed