Types of Clientele

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Individual

• Basic approaches in looking at the individual:
1. Atomistic
2. Holistic
• Perspectives in Understanding the Individual:
• Biological
1. Unified whole
2. Holon
3. Dimorphism
• Anthropological
1. Essentialism
2. Social constructionism
3. Culture

• Psychological
1. Psychosexual
2. Psychosocial
3. Behaviorism
4. Social learning
• Sociological
1. Family and kinship
2. Social groups

Family

• Models:
• Developmental
• Stages of Family Development
1. Stage 1 - The Beginning Family
2. Stage 2 - The Early Child-Bearing Family
3. Stage 3 - The Family with Preschool Children
4. Stage 4 - The Family with Schoolage Children
5. Stage 5 - The Family with Teenagers
6. Stage 6 - The Family as Launching Center
7. Stage 7 - The Middle-Aged Family
8. Stage 8 - The Aging Family
• Structural-Functional
• Initial Data Base
1. Family Structure and Characteristics
2. Socio-economic and Cultural Factors
3. Environmental Factors
4. Health Assessment of Each Member
5. Value Placed on Prevention of Disease
• First Level Assessment
1. Health Threats - conditions that are conducive to disease, accident or failure to realize one's health potential
2. Health Deficits - Instances of failure in health maintenance (disease, disability, developmental lag)
3. Stress Points/Foreseeable Crisis Situation - anticipated periods of unusual demand on the individual or family in terms of adjustment or family resources
• Second Level Assessment
1. Recognition of the problem
2. Decision on appropriate health action
3. Care to affected family member
4. Provision of health home environment
5. Utilization of community resources for health care
• Problem Prioritization
• Nature of the Problem
1. Health deficit
2. Health threat
3. Foreseeable crisis
• Preventive Potential
1. High
2. Moderate
3. Low
• Modifiability
1. Easily modifiable
2. Partially modifiable
3. Non modifiable
• Salience
1. High
2. Moderate
3. Low
• Family Service and Progress Record

Population Group

• Vulnerable Groups:
• Infants and Young Children
• School Age
• Adolescents
• Mothers
• Males
• Old People
• Specialized Fields:
• Community Mental Health Nursing - a unique process which includes an integration of concepts from nursing, mental health, social psychology, psychology, community networks and the basic sciences
• Occupational Health Nursing - the application of nursing principles and procedures in conserving the health of workers in all occupations
• School Health Nursing - the application of nursing theories and principles in the care of the school population