Non-Communicable and Communicable Disease Prevention and Control

PhotoCredit: Sanilachealth.com

Non-Communicable Disease Prevention and Control

• Integrated Community Based Non-Communicable Disease Prevention and Control Program
• Causes and Risk Factors of Major Non-Communicable Diseases
• Diseases of the Heart and Blood Vessels
1. Hypertension
2. Coronary Artery Disease
3. Cerebrovascular Disease or Stroke
• Cancer
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• Bronchial Asthma

Community Organizing

PhotoCredit: OaklandCommunity.Org

• Studies have underscored some key elements of the community which may be reactivated to bring social and behavioral change
• These include social organizations (relationships. structure and resources), ideology (knowledge, beliefs and attitudes) and change agents
• This process of change is often termed as "empowerment" or building the capability of people for future community action

Community-Based Nursing Services

PhotoCredit: Zytech.Com.Cn

• Assessment of Community Health Needs
• Community Diagnosis aims to obtain a general information about the community.
• The following are elements of a comprehensive community diagnosis:
1. Demographic variables
2. Socio-economic and cultural variables
3. Health and Illness patterns
4. Health resources
5. Political/Leadership patterns

Family Based Nursing Services (Family Health Nursing Process)

PhotoCredit: PinoyExpat.Net

• Nursing Assessment of Family:
• First Level Assessment:
1. Family structure, characteristics and dynamics
2. Socio-economic and cultural characteristics
3. Home and environment
4. Health status of each member
5. Values and practices on health promotion/maintenance and disease prevention
• Second Level Assessment:
• data include those that specify or describe the family's realities, perceptions about and attitudes related to the assumption or performance of family health tasks on each health condition or problem identified during the first level assessment

Mandatory Continuing Professional Education (CPE) Bills in Congress

PhotoCredit: TalakayanatKalusugan.Com

Continuing Professional Education (CPE) may soon become mandatory once the pending bills on mandatory CPE filed are approved by Congress. This development Congressman Rufus B. Rodriguez disclosed during a seminar on amendments of the various professional regulatory laws held at the Occupational Safety and Health Center in Quezon City on November 23, 2011. In said seminar, he also cited the need for an action plan to fast track the passage of amendatory bills of several professional regulatory laws filed in Congress.

Primary Health Care

PhotoCredit: GameOps.Net

• WHO defines as essential health care made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community by means acceptable to them through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford at every stage of development
• Primary Health Care was declared during the First International Conference on Primary Health Care held in Alma Ata, USSR on September 6-12, 1978 by WHO. The goal was "Health for All by year 2000". This was adopted in the Philippines through Letter of Instruction 949 signed by President Marcos on October 19, 1979 and has an underlying theme of "Health in the Hand of the People by 2020".

Health Care Delivery System

• The PHILIPPINE HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM is composed of two sectors:
1. PUBLIC SECTOR - largely financed through a tax-based budgeting system at both national and local levels and where health care is given free at the point of service
2. PRIVATE SECTOR (for profit and non-profit providers) - largely market-oriented and where health care is paid through user fees at the point of service
• The PUBLIC SECTOR consists of the national and local government agencies, providing health services. At the national level, the Department of Health (DOH), is mandated as the lead agency in health. It has a regional field office in every region and maintains specialty hospitals, regional hospitals and medical centers. It also maintains provincial health team made up of DOH representatives to the local health boards and personnel involved in communicable disease control, specifically for malaria and schistosomiasis. other national government agencies providing health care services such as the Philippine General Hospital are also part of this sector

Types of Clientele

PhotoCredit: TrippleAccounting.Wordpress.Com

Individual

• Basic approaches in looking at the individual:
1. Atomistic
2. Holistic
• Perspectives in Understanding the Individual:
• Biological
1. Unified whole
2. Holon
3. Dimorphism
• Anthropological
1. Essentialism
2. Social constructionism
3. Culture

Principles and Standards of CHN with Levels of Care

PhotoCredit: OrangeCup.Multiply.Com

Basic Principles of Community Health Nursing (CHN)

1. The community is the patient in CHN, the family is the unit of care and there are four levels of clientele: individual, family, population group (those who share common characteristics, developmental stages and common exposure to health problems - e.g. children, elderly) and the community
2. In CHN, the client is considered as an ACTIVE partner NOT PASSIVE recipient of care
3. CHN practice is affected by developments in health technology, in particular, changes in society, in general
4. The goal of CHN is achieved through multi-sectoral efforts
5. CHN is part of health care system and the larger human service system

Research Designs and Research Proposal

PhotoCredit: Web.Utk.Edu

Research Designs

• refer to the way in which the investigator plans and structures the research process
• the design provides flexible guideposts that keep the research headed in the right direction
• Qualitative - one in which the investigator plans to observe, discover, describe, compare and analyze the characteristic attribute, themes and underlying dimensions of a particular unit
• Qualitative - concerned with measuring the magnitude, size or extent of a phenomenon
• Descriptive-Exploratory - observes, describes, explores and assembles new knowledge
• Documentary-Historical - the investigator examines records and documents already in existence, major sources of data include official and unofficial documents, statistics, audiovisual media and general historical data

Research

Research

• means delving into a problem
• systematic, controlled, empirical and critical investigation of hypothetical propositions about the presumed relations among natural phenomena
• general system is followed whose elements are:
1. identification of the problem
2. extensive review of literature
3. formulation of the conceptual framework and hypotheses
4. designing its design and methodology
5. data collection
6. data analysis through the use of statistics and interpretation and drawing conclusions
7. giving recommendations